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1.
O.F.I.L ; 32(4): 335-340, 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-212265

RESUMO

Introducción: Los inhibidores del checkpoint inmunológico (ICIs) han conseguido buenos resultados en salud, pero pueden presentar eventos adversos inmunorelacionados (EAir), en ocasiones, graves y poco predecibles.Objetivo principal: Identificar los EAir asociados al uso de pembrolizumab y conocer su incidencia, características y tratamiento, en nuestro centro.Material y métodos: Estudio observacional y retrospectivo que incluye pacientes con cáncer oncohematológico tratados con pembrolizumab, excluyendo los que participaron en ensayos clínicos. Se recogen variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, y las relacionadas con el tratamiento, incluyendo EAir. El tratamiento estadístico se realizó mediante el paquete estadístico STATA/IC 12.1.Resultados: Se incluyeron 31 pacientes, 81% varones, con una mediana de edad de 67 años (rango 26-88), siendo los diagnósticos mayoritarios: cáncer de pulmón (55%) y melanoma (16%). 81% de los pacientes presentaban estadio IV y el 71%, PDL-1 positivo. La mediana de duración fue de 3,4 meses (rango 0,7-26). El 77% de los pacientes experimentaron EAir y las más frecuentes fueron: astenia, linfopenia e hipotiroidismo. Respecto a la gravedad, el 91% fueron leves o moderadas y en el 9% grado 3. Las reacciones adversas más graves fueron encefalitis, nefritis, anemia grado 3, liquen plano y polineuropatía motora desmielinizante. 11 de los pacientes suspendieron pembrolizumab, de los cuales el 36% fue de forma definitiva. Conclusión: La mayoría de los EAir que aparecen son leves, aunque los casos graves observados y el tiempo de aparición variable hacen que sea importante realizar una monitorización continua de la toxicidad de estos fármacos durante tratamiento, incluso después de suspenderlo. (AU)


Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have achieved good health outcomes but it presents immunorelated adverse events (AEsir), sometimes serious and not very predictable.Main objective: To identify the immune-mediated adverse effects (irAE) associated with the use of pembrolizumab and to know its incidence, characteristics and treatment in our center.Material and methods: Observational and retrospective study including oncohematological cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab, excluding those who participated in clinical trials. Sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related variables were collected, including EAir. Statistical treatment was performed using the STATA/IC 12.1 statistical package.Results: 31 patients, 81% male, with a median age of 67 years (range 26-88), the main diagnoses being lung cancer (55%) and melanoma (16%). Eighty-one percent of the patients had stage IV and PDL-1 positive in 71%. The median duration was 3.4 months (range 0.7-26). Seventy-seven percent of patients experienced AEir and the most frequent were: asthenia, lymphopenia and hypothyroidism. Regarding severity, 91% were mild or moderate and 9% were grade 3. The most serious adverse reactions were encephalitis, nephritis, grade 3 anemia, lichen planus and demyelinating motor polyneuropathy. Eleven of the patients discontinued pembrolizumab, 36% of whom discontinued permanently. Conclusions: Most of the AEs that appeared were mild, although the severe cases observed and the variable time of onset make it important to continuously monitor the toxicity of these drugs during treatment, even after discontinuation. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Imunoterapia , Neoplasias , Morte Celular , Sistema Imunitário , Terapêutica
2.
Rev. calid. asist ; 29(1): 43-50, ene.-feb. 2014. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-119124

RESUMO

Objetivo: Elaborar un plan estratégico integral para el uso seguro de los medicamentos en un hospital para el trienio 2009-2011 y su posterior puesta en marcha. Material y métodos: Aplicando la metodología de análisis de debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas, oportunidades (DAFO) se analizó la situación de partida y posteriormente se elaboró una gran estrategia o plan, definiendo el alcance, las responsabilidades, los objetivos y las actividades estratégicas e indicadores de medición de resultados de consecución de las mismas. Resultados: Se realizó un plan estratégico integral para el uso seguro de los medicamentos con el objetivo principal de identificar y disminuir los problemas relacionados con la medicación (PRM) en los pacientes atendidos en el Hospital San Juan de Alicante. Contenía 5 objetivos estratégicos, 20 actividades estratégicas y los correspondientes indicadores de resultado para evaluarlo tras su implantación. Además incluyó un cronograma para su establecimiento y posterior evaluación. Discusión: La elaboración de un plan integral estratégico puede facilitar el conocimiento de la situación de partida en materia de seguridad. Los resultados obtenidos tras su implantación definirán su aplicabilidad. Debido a la falta de publicación de planes similares y sus resultados, la evaluación de este plan será de utilidad tanto si estos resultados son o no favorables. Como posibles beneficios secundarios a la elaboración, el equipo multidisciplinar sigue trabajando en mejorar la seguridad del paciente en el proceso asistencial, y la cultura de seguridad sigue creciendo entre los profesionales implicados (AU)


Objective: To develop and implement a comprehensive drug safety plan in a hospital for the years 2009-2011.Material and methods: Applying the Strengths Weaknesses/Limitations Opportunities Threats(SWOT) methodology, the baseline situation was analyzed and a broad strategy or plan was subsequently developed, defining the scope, responsibilities, objectives and strategic actions and indicators in order to measure the achievement of the results. Results: A comprehensive drug safety plan with the main objective of identifying and reducing the medication-related problems in patients treated in the Hospital de San Juan in Alicante has been developed. The plan contains five strategic objectives, twenty strategic actions and the indicators to assess its outcomes. It also contains a timetable for its establishment and evaluation. Discusion: Developing a comprehensive strategic plan allows the current situation relating to drug safety to be determined. The results obtained after its introduction will define its applicability. Due to the lack of publications of similar plans and results, the evaluation of this plan will be useful whether it is favorable or not. As a side benefit of the development, the multidisciplinary team continues to work on improving patient safety in the care process, and the safety culture continues to grow among the professionals (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Segurança do Paciente/normas , /prevenção & controle , Erros de Medicação/prevenção & controle , Planejamento Estratégico , Cultura Organizacional
3.
Rev Calid Asist ; 29(1): 43-50, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24183871

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To develop and implement a comprehensive drug safety plan in a hospital for the years 2009-2011. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Applying the Strengths Weaknesses/Limitations Opportunities Threats (SWOT) methodology, the baseline situation was analyzed and a broad strategy or plan was subsequently developed, defining the scope, responsibilities, objectives and strategic actions and indicators in order to measure the achievement of the results. RESULTS: A comprehensive drug safety plan with the main objective of identifying and reducing the medication-related problems in patients treated in the Hospital de San Juan in Alicante has been developed. The plan contains five strategic objectives, twenty strategic actions and the indicators to assess its outcomes. It also contains a timetable for its establishment and evaluation. DISCUSION: Developing a comprehensive strategic plan allows the current situation relating to drug safety to be determined. The results obtained after its introduction will define its applicability. Due to the lack of publications of similar plans and results, the evaluation of this plan will be useful whether it is favorable or not. As a side benefit of the development, the multidisciplinary team continues to work on improving patient safety in the care process, and the safety culture continues to grow among the professionals.


Assuntos
Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/prevenção & controle , Implementação de Plano de Saúde/organização & administração , Hospitais Universitários/organização & administração , Erros de Medicação/prevenção & controle , Segurança do Paciente , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/organização & administração , Gestão da Segurança/organização & administração , CD-Interativo , Educação Continuada , Planejamento em Saúde , Prioridades em Saúde , Hospitais Públicos/organização & administração , Humanos , Erros de Medicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Modelos Teóricos , Recursos Humanos em Hospital/educação , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/normas , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Responsabilidade Social , Espanha , Fatores de Tempo
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